The History of the Introduction of Shi'ism to Thailand and the Role of Sheikh Ahmad Qomi in Its Expansion

Sheikh Ahmad Qomi and the Spread of Shia Islam in Thailand

Özet

This study investigates the historical introduction and propagation of Shia Islam in Thailand, with a particular emphasis on the pivotal role of Sheikh Ahmad Qomi. Arriving in the 17th century during the Ayutthaya era, Sheikh Ahmad emerged as a significant figure within the Siamese court, facilitating cultural and religious interactions between Iran and Thailand. His elevation to the esteemed position of Joularat Chammontri charged with overseeing Muslim affairs and foreign relations, allowed him to formalize Shia practices within Thailand. A notable contribution was his introduction of the Ashura commemoration, honoring Imam Hussein (a.s.), which integrated Shia Islam into a predominantly Buddhist society. The investigation also considers the earlier presence of Iranian Muslims in Thailand, tracing back to the Sukhothai period and potentially earlier. Historical documentation reveals that trade and cultural exchanges facilitated the arrival of Iranian merchants and academics. By the Ayutthaya period, Iranian cultural influence extended beyond religious aspects to include Persian art, cuisine, and fashion, evidenced by the adoption of Persian-inspired attire within the Thai royal court. Sheikh Ahmad also significantly contributed to the political and economic relations between Siam and various Islamic states, establishing a lasting Iranian presence in Thailand. His legacy is evidenced by the continued prominence of his descendants in political spheres, underscoring Sheikh Ahmad’s enduring impact on Thailand's multicultural identity, as well as the critical role of trade, migration, and religion in the assimilation of Shia Islam and Persian culture.